Building a Crash-Proof Internete,
On 18 July 2001, a freight train derailed in the Howard Street tunnel running beneath downtown Baltimore, spilling 20,000 litres of hydrochloric acid. The resulting chemical fire destroyed fibre-optic cables owned by eight major US internet carriers. Moments later, Verizon Communications (VZ), which operates key portions of the internet’s physical infrastructure in the US, lost links to two operations buildings and several other carriers’ networks.
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